Normally, a specific amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced in every individual depending on their age. This CSF circulates around the nerves and brain tissue and is later reabsorbed by the body.

In hydrocephalus patients, there may be an excess in production, a reduction in absorption, or a disruption in circulation. When hydrocephalus develops, the ventricles expand, exerting pressure on the brain tissue, which can delay neuromotor development in children.

Hydrocephalus can develop in the womb, during infancy, or later in life. Surgical treatments for hydrocephalus include procedures such as ventriculoperitoneal shunt and third ventriculostomy surgeries.